SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface)

Synchronous serial communication protocol with a dedicated clock line.

  • 4 wires: SCK (clock), COPI (Controller→Peripheral), CIPO (Peripheral→Controller), CS (Chip Select)
  • Full-duplex: simultaneous bidirectional data transfer
  • CS is active LOW — controller pulls CS low to select a peripheral
  • Multiple peripherals: each needs its own CS line
  • Faster than I2C, more wires

Old names (deprecated): MOSI/MISO/SS

See Also